Movement as Medicine: The Evidence‑Backed Benefits of Exercise During Cancer Treatment

A cancer diagnosis changes life in an instant. Treatment can feel overwhelming, unpredictable, and exhausting — physically and emotionally. In the middle of all this, exercise can seem daunting, and many people wonder whether it’s safe or whether rest is the only option.

The truth is that the right kind of exercise can support your body, your energy, and your sense of control throughout the cancer journey.

The Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA) recommends that exercise be embedded as part of standard cancer care. Exercise is not only safe — it is beneficial, and should be used as an adjunct therapy to help counteract the effects of treatment.

Why Is Exercise Important?

Regular, appropriate exercise during cancer treatment can:

• Manage treatment‑related fatigue by improving mitochondrial function (your body’s energy production system).

• Improve cardiovascular health, helping you walk and move without becoming breathless.

• Enhance mood, sleep, and mental health, supporting you through anxiety, depression, and emotional strain.

• Maintain muscle mass and strength, which often decline during treatment.

• Support bone density, which can be affected by certain therapies.

• Improve overall function by regulating inflammation and supporting immune health.

What Type of Exercise Works Best?

There is no single “best” exercise — the best program is one that is safe, meaningful, and tailored to your stage of treatment and recovery. Understanding what matters to you helps create long‑term adherence and a sense of purpose.

Examples include:

• Aerobic exercise (walking, swimming, cycling) — boosts energy, heart health, and mood.

• Strength training (weights or resistance work) — preserves muscle and bone health and supports daily function.

• Balance and mobility training — reduces fall risk and builds confidence.

• Breathwork and gentle movement — supports stress, pain, and recovery, especially after surgery.

Important Considerations

Throughout the cancer journey, personalised guidance is essential. Exercise should be adapted to your treatment stage, symptoms, and energy levels. Staying in communication with your oncology team ensures your program remains safe and effective.

Cancer & Exercise Physiology

Exercise during cancer treatment is not about pushing harder — it’s about supporting your body.

Exercise Physiologists specialise in tailoring movement to your goals, interests, and treatment stage. They can help you monitor fatigue, pain, and side effects, and guide you in rebuilding strength during and after treatment. The aim is long‑term survivorship, confidence, and quality of life.

How We Support You at Monaro Physio

At Monaro Physio, we offer a dedicated exercise class for individuals diagnosed with or recovering from cancer. This group provides a safe, supportive environment to re‑introduce movement so you don’t have to navigate this time alone.

If you’re interested or would like more information, we’re here to help.